The short answer is that since Channels and Traffic Type are different dimensions, they need not show the same data. Exactly why is partially dependent on your account setup.
A longer answer - Default Channel Grouping is a categorization that can be edited per View, to change which source/medium values are in which channels, and to categorize traffic on other traits as well. Additionally, you can add sites to the list of what GA considers search engines, which will change their Channel categorization but not other Acquisition dimensions.
I did quite a bit of searching for an official definition of Traffic Type, without luck, and it is also not available through the API, which makes me think it might be deprecated. However, looking at my own site's data, it is almost identical to Medium (perhaps a predecessor?). Traffic Type is "display" when Medium is "cpm" and "paid" when Medium is "cpc", and the type is "direct" when Medium is "(none)", but otherwise Traffic Type is exactly Medium.
One known discrepancy, then, would be that the Channel called Social is more than just the Traffic Type "social"; it also includes Type "referral" from any source GA considers a social network. Also, if you have added search engines to GA's list, they will be in the Organic Search Channel but still have a Type of "referral".
The default definitions for Direct do not differ between Channel and Traffic Type, though. When I set up pie charts like yours in my GA view, Channels has slightly more organic, a lot more social, and a lot fewer referral sessions than Traffic Type, but the other percentages are identical. So assuming there's not a discrepancy outside your screenshots (e.g. filters or segments) I expect if you go to Admin > View > Channel Settings > Channel Grouping (screenshot below) and open Default Channel Grouping you will find it has been changed from the original Channel definitions.
