Let's say we have XY HTML pages, where some of content is shared.
Example page 1.
Url: example.com/lists/best-rated-food-italy
Title: Best rated food in Italy
<h1>Best rated food in Italy</h1>
<h2>1. Bolognese</h2>
<p>Something about bolognese</p>
<h2>2. Pizza</h2>
<p>Something about pizza</p>
.....
Example page 2.
Url: example.com/lists/most-popular-food-bologna
Title: Most popular food in Bologna
<h1>Best rated food in Italy</h1>
<h2>1. Random dish from bologna</h2>
<p>Something about dish from bologna</p>
<h2>2. Pizza</h2>
<p>Something about pizza</p>
<h2>3. Bolognese</h2>
<p>Something about bolognese</p>
Example page 3.
Url: example.com/lists/most-popular-food-italy
Title: Most popular food in Italy
<h1>Best rated food in Italy</h1>
<h2>1. Pesto</h2>
<p>Something about pesto</p>
<h2>2. Pizza</h2>
<p>Something about pizza</p>
<h2>3. Bolognese</h2>
<p>Something about bolognese</p>
As you can see, those pages have slightly different context, but on some occasions, it will share content, which will be the same amongst different pages.
Does Google penalize this type of content, as a duplicate content or it is clever enough to understand a different context of each page? If so, are there any non canonical HTML/TAG changes that can be done to avoid penalizations, because this content is not canonical to each other.