You should firstly decide, what to do at first: prevent indexing, or prevent crawling? Both at the same time isn't possible.
Lets assume, your pagination is already indexed. Than you should firstly de-index it, and then prevent crawling. Do it on the following way:
- De-index.
1.1. If you can, add to each paginated page the meta tag <meta name="robots" content="noindex"
.
1.2. Otherwise add to your htaccess (in case of Apache 2.2) or server configuration file (in case on Nginx) a rule like:
SetEnvIf Request_URI "/page/.*" NOINDEXFOLLOW
Header set X-Robots-Tag "noindex, follow" env=REDIRECT_NOINDEXFOLLOW
1.3. For Apache 2.4 use
<If "%{REQUEST_URI} =~ m#/page/.*#">
Header set X-Robots-Tag "noindex, follow"
</If>
1.4. Note, if use Wordpress, set this rule on the beginning of htaccess file.
1.5. Create an additional sitemap with paginated page and submit it to GSC - on this way Google understands faster, what to do.
1.6. Than monitor SERP. After you realize, paginated pages aren't no longer in SERP, than:
Remove any deindexing rules,
Add to your robots.txt file a line
Disallow: /page/*