For instance, do country-specific sites and/or search engines give more weight to sites under a specific country level TLD?

Or, do country-specific TLDs exist just to increase the WWW namespace and provide window dressing to websites that are focused to a specific country?

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I don't think it makes a difference unless the domain itself contains special (multibyte) characters, such as the ones recently approved by ICANN.

You can have a page with a .cn domain that is all in English, and it will turn up in English results. Additionally, I've seen lots of .us domains in Russian, Chinese, Spanish, etc.

What matters is the locale used when publishing, and vanity. If an e-commerce shop boasts "Located right in the heart of the UK!", then it would probably want a .co.uk domain. Then again, most US businesses would want .com domains, rather than .us.

The other use is organizing your network. Servers in the US might be servername.foo.us, where servers in China might be servername.foo.cn, especially if redirection based on geo location is in use.

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In addition to this, many newer sites like to use country suffixes for shorter versions of their URL for things like twitter. In example, flickr.com also owns flic.kr for offering short URL links to images hosted within their service. – Soleil Jul 9 '10 at 13:43
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Another reason for getting the .us domain is to protect your business name. Even if you have widget.com, you should also get widget.us to prevent it use by another similar company, diluting the name.

Ron

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