I think you might be conflating the effects of geotargeting with an explicit drop in rank.
It's not really that your .us domain will be directly blocked or pushed down in results on google.fr(and .co.uk, etc.), but that ccTLD sites are given a small boost at their associated google.tld. This is because it's reasonable to assume that French users on google.fr are probably more interested in French results. So yes, your .us domain might–might–show up a little lower at google.fr, but it's not because you were penalized; it's because the French results are more relevant to the users of that particular Google version. Assuming you got the .com, if a document there were equally ranked with some other .fr document, the .fr would still probably come out above.